World Trade Center Subtitles English

TADESSE MESKELA [foreign language with subtitles]: Just pick one up. It says Belgium. This is our coffee - Oromia Coffee Union. Its ready to go to Belgium now. It goes to Antwerp, Belgium. Isn't this one from Harar I'm embarrassed by the quality of these sacks! Wherever I go I find that our sacks are not up to standard. Are they washed This is my coffee, let me show you. This is Sun Dried Harar - one of the best coffees in the world. There is no coffee which is as quality as this coffee. But we are getting a very low price. The price has affected all the people involved in coffee trading. If the price of coffee had been higher you can see all the machinists would be fully engaged in processing the coffee. But nowadays there are only a few people engaged and, as you can see, there is a lot of coffee which is not loaded because people are waiting for a better market.

TADESSE MESKELA [English with subtitles]: Now we are heading to the coffee area of Kilenso Mokonisa which produces Sidamo type of coffee. All the coffee from this area goes to the western world for consumption. We export it to Europe and we export it to America and Australia from this co-operative. So, I'm visiting the farmers to see how they are planting and how they are managing their coffee fields.

JOE O'NEILL: What you are watching- there is a centralized market place where buyers and sellers congregate to establish the price. Last year the notional value of all the coffee contracts that was traded is about $140 billion. Coffee is the second most actively traded commodity in the world market. A lot of contracts are based upon the price of the New York Board of Trade coffee contracts. The producer knows what he can expect for his coffee. The buyer knows what he is going to pay for his coffee because they don't establish the price - the price is being established here, and most people in the world who get involved in the coffee industry pay attention to this price every day.

TADESSE MESKELA [English with subtitles]: There are middlemen here. There are coffee collectors, coffee suppliers, coffee exporters who are bidding for the coffee. The coffee exporters are on the right side and this big volume on the other side are coffee suppliers who are bringing coffee from different coffee growing zones and regions in Ethiopia. The big multinationals have offices here. For example, Taloca is buying for Kraft Food and Volcafé Speciality is buying for Nestle and also Starbucks. And there are also other big buyers in Europe like Dallmayr who is based in Germany, buying for different roasters around the world. The auction price is mainly based on the New York 'C' market. If New York is down by 5 cents today, the coffee exporters are going to buy the coffee for 5 cents down today. Once the coffee is bought from here, the coffee buyers or the coffee exporters are going to unload the coffee at the warehouse and they process it and sell to their buyers abroad. And after that the buyer is going to distribute this coffee to roasters and the roasters are going to buy this coffee, and the roasters, again, roast the coffee and sell to retailers and cafes.

TADESSE MESKELA [English with subtitles]: These are the coffees which are sold to buyers and roasters around the world and roasted at their companies. These are the coffees which are roasted in the UK by Asda. These are the coffees which are roasted in Minneapolis by a company called Peace Coffee, and there are also a lot of coffees which are just sold around the world in these 5 years after the formation of our Union. Our main aim is to bring more money into the coffee growers' pocket. This is our general area and to improve the farmer's life.

TADESSE MESKELA [English with subtitles]: It's amazing, all coffees are here, but ours is not. No Ethiopian coffee at all. I am very sad because it reminds me of my farmers, they are desperate and they are getting a very low price - their daily income is very, very low. Here is our coffee here Mocha Sidamo. This is Mocha Sidamo. It took me a long time to get my coffee you see, it is just hidden behind. Our hope is one day the consumer will understand what he is drinking and will ask these people who are not having fair trade coffees to pay us a fair price. This is our hope. The consumers can bring a change if awareness is given to consumers to ask for more fair trade products. It is not only on coffee, all products which are coming from the third world are getting a very low price, and the producers are highly affected and the British people have to think of the people producing bananas as well as coffee and other products which are suffering from the low price. MUSIC

TADESSE MESKELA [English with subtitles]: This area is rich in coffee production, so most of the farmers in this district are tending to produce chat side by side with coffee. This is the distribution centre of chat for this district. You can see a lot of people selling and buying chat. He asked 35 birr for this and this one is asking 30. He said 50 and I negotiated and they said 30 birr for this. 30 birr for this which is about 4 US dollars. As you can see it is not more than 20 branches. It is not more than 20 branches so they get 30 birr for this and they harvest it twice a year and they are getting a better income. He said it makes me happy. It gives me strength and it makes me happy, he said. We are one of the poorest countries in the world so there is no subsidy. We don't have the kind of subsidies which is made by the rich countries like the UK and many other European countries. That is why the world trade is unfair because there are subsidies for all the milk production and other productions in the developed world while we the poor countries do not have money to subsidize the farmers. That is why we are looking at low prices for our producers. That is why we can not compete in the world market growing crops.

DR AHMED MAHAMADI [French with subtitles]: Well, I hope this conference will be a success, and that our worries will be addressed. These worries are real. That is say they consist of making equitable and fair trade relations.

TADESSE MESKELA [foreign language with subtitles]: This money is given to you from the profit obtained from the fair trade market. All the money from the profit should be used for social development in your area, like building schools, health centres and clean water.

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The Festival closes on June 18 with the world premiere of the documentary Loudmouth, written and directed by Josh Alexander. The Reverend Al Sharpton, who has been at the center of the national conversation around race since the late 1980s, and who is the blazing subject of this extraordinary film, will participate in a conversation following the screening.

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